The Illinois Model

Information ≠ Intelligence. Information + Context + Sense-Making = Intelligence Our mental models, implicit biases, intuition, schemata, & abstractions live in the Orient phase of Boyd’s OODA. They are etched through our lifetime of experiences & exposures. They’re the patterns, baselines, & frames of reference for how we make sense of new Observations. Intelligence, aside from being a noun of sorts, can also be a process. It’s the cycle of taking new information, comparing it to previous understandings & wisdom, breaking it apart (analyzing), combining it, & forming or synthesizing new mental models. We tend to call this process learning . Formal intelligence (as a noun) is a more explicitly shared insight for group or team sense-making. It accelerates the process of refining our existing baselines into something more accurate & in greater harmony with reality. Intelligence comes in many forms. Confidential reports to corporate decision-makers. Analytical repor

US military strategist John Boyd is credited with saying, "People, ideas, and hardware ... in that order." Boyd was a Korean and Vietnam War era Colonel in the US Air Force, who continued to advise military leaders until his death in 1997. He is most famously known for his Observe-Orient-Decide-Act cycle, abbreviated OODA . His "People, Ideas, and Hardware" concept is among his more popular quips. So what can we learn from it? PEOPLE People should be your priority. No matter what weapon or tool you give them, it is a human who will solve problems, experiment, live, die, make decisions, succeed, fail, give up, persevere. Paraphrasing Boyd, wars are fought between people. Human beings are the most resilient of anything on the planet. They can fail despite having the best of equipment. Or they can succeed despite being provided the worst of tools. They learn, adapt, and figure it out. Humans are at the heart of your organization. You can lead them, but they will always

Every cop I know who is debt-free & financially-healthy has taken this same path. More than a few are millionaires. Here are the concepts: 1. The Pension. You give up 10% of your base pay every year. Upon retirement, you get ~75% of your salary for the rest of your life.* (This is mandatory in most places. You automatically contribute.) 2. The 457(b) Program. Invest additionally up to $20,500/yr* pre-tax into a retirement account . Contribute as early as & as much as you can. You'll never miss it. Pick an aggressive strategy. When you retire, you won't even need your pension! 3. The Overtime. Work your ass off in your 20s. Exploit the overtime before you have a family. (Your peers will be calling in "sick" on the weekends. Take advantage of their work ethic.) The padded paychecks make the 457 contributions that much easier. But spend wisely. 4. The Budget. Don't buy the new pickup truck, or the boat, or the ATV. At least not right away. Save up for the

May 2013. Police Officers, with the drainage culvert behind them. Fall 2013. Heavy rains had turned the normal trickle in the culvert into a raging current. A dog in the park slid down the grassy slope into the swift moving water. Before his owner could make sense of what was going on, the dog got sucked into the water-filled underground pipe! Another park patron called 911. Several beat cops responded to the call. I happened to know where that sewer pipe flowed downstream. It lead to a small retention pond a couple neighborhoods over, then went back underground to traverse the expressway. Simply, I knew where the dog was going. And I went there. Not to where his owner was still panicking. Before we knew it, “Sammy” was reunited with his owner! ** This story has lessons of anticipation & prediction. “ I skate to where the puck is going to be, not to where it has been. ”  ~ Wayne Gretzky  In policing, we respond to plenty of “moving” emergencies — running suspects, car chases, offen

Drone use is exploding in American law enforcement. Especially programs that push out “Drones as First Responders” (DFR) — where sUAS are put up to scout locations before cops on the ground ever enter the area. But what I’m going to discuss below also applies to all remote-controlled tactical searches or surveillance. Most, if not all, drones are capable of sending live-stream video to command posts, Real Time Crime Centers (RTCC), Joint Ops Centers, or ground units. Pretty neat, huh? You can imagine the huge wall of screens, right? Let me tell you the downside here: With this sort of immediate feedback being shared to off-scene commanders, it has the potential tendency for those bosses to over-exert their command-and-control on operators in the field. DFR & RTCC programs both run the risk of doing such a great job at collecting information that commanders may feel a need, desire, or responsibility to (micro-)manage from afar. We need to balance this awesome technology that keeps e

Real-Time Crime Centers are “the shiny new thing” in policing. RTCCs are hubs of time-sensitive information. They receive data & alerts from all sorts of sources — license plate readers, surveillance cameras, proximity alarms, gunfire detection systems… Imagine a 911 call going to a dispatcher who then broadcasts an emergency on the police radio. While cops are responding via squad cars, analysts or cops in RTCCs may be checking area traffic or surveillance cameras to better inform those in the field of what’s happened or is happening. In real time. A picture is worth a thousand words, right?? Like an image of a shooter’s clothes. Or a drivers license photo of a missing elderly person? Or a screenshot of a fleeing offender’s car? Or an overhead map? A challenge is in how to securely convey this information to first responders. Do your Computer Aided Dispatch Systems (CADS) or squad car computers allow for sending & receiving photos? What about if you assign out mobile photos or

  I got into Social Network Analysis with the intention to disrupt Chicago street gang crime. While it certainly helped us lock up bad guys, I soon starting applying the concepts INWARDLY — within police teams!! It gave me a bit of insight into our internal networks — We started to see how information flowed within teams & between individual police officers. And I saw chokepoints where information got clogged. I learned who enjoyed being the bureaucratic Middle Man. (I think it’s a severe personality flaw, but that’s for another discussion!) It became more apparent who the real influencers were. (No big surprise: It had little to do with rank & title.) I recognized being an unnecessary pass-through, & am more purposeful in removing myself as such, & connecting people directly with each other. We sought out communications platforms so teams & groups would be less fractured & more connected. As Valdis Krebs calls it, it’s about better understanding the networked

Last week, I caught a foul ball at a Spring Training baseball game.  OK...not on the fly, and not quite off the first bounce. But I grabbed it before it came to a rolling stop. That still counts, right?  *** Before the baseball game started, I turned to my kids and told them we were in Foul Ball Territory -- the sections in the stands where batted foul balls were likely to land. And be caught by fans!  How did I know this? Or less arrogantly: What made me believe this? Because I've watched enough baseball games to know where a high percentage of foul balls land. It's a pattern of batted ball behavior. Garnered from decades of experience from playing, watching, and attending games. Where we at the epicenter of Foul Ball Territory ? I'm not sure. But we could (dis)prove it.  What if we had the data to plot against the stadium seating chart? We could feasibly create a heat-map of where foul balls landed.  *** Professional sports is filled with data. Here are a few examples, wi

Today, I start my 25th year as a cop. Just finished up a crazy night with the Chicago Vehicular Hijacking Task Force. It’s basically working ground zero for our nation’s struggle with inner city violent crime. It’s the type of work that I’ll tell my grandkids about some day. (And they won’t believe it.) We responded to a “ 10-1 ” (officer needs emergency assistance), for “ shots fired at the police. ” We get on scene & learn it was connected to a carjacked SUV that my partners & I were actively tracking that exact moment! /gulp When that call goes out over the radio, EVERYONE goes. And when you realize everyone is OK — you remember the brother & sisterhood this career brings. From guys & gals you’ve never met before. Racing to help. It’s like nothing else. If you let it, the feeling can overwhelm you. When I finally lay my head down tonight, I just might let it. Through it all, it truly is the best job in the world. And I get to do it everyday. For at least a few more y

There seems to be a growing disdain for the term mindset.  At least as evidenced by my highly anecdotal, biased, & limited LinkedIn feed. But I like the  mindset word.  I first got introduced to the concept of mindset through Carol Dweck's book Mindset: The New Psychology of Success .  In her book are two (2) opposing approaches to learning or self-awareness:   Fixed vs Growth.  These are the two (2) mindsets described by Dr Dweck. Yes, I'm sure someone is going to attack my over-simplification! While I find Dweck's theory to be logical and coherent, I haven't been sold 100% on her claims.  I venture to argue that most folks in the cognitive research world, when they hear mindset,  begin imaging a similar dichotomy between Dweck's Fixed & Growth Mindsets, as depicted in the infographic above. But I ask that we look beyond what Dweck promotes with regards to mindset. What if we looked at mindset as the collective mental models, thinking models , mental abst